What Documents Do You Need for a Mortgage?

The documents your lender will ask for, listed by program, plus longer guides for the situation you are in.

Brandon Huynh, Loan Officer, NMLS #2522494, 832-997-1527, brandonhuynh.net

Every Houston lender asks for the same four things: proof of who you are, proof of what you earn, proof of what you have, and proof of what you owe. What changes is how you prove the income. A W-2 borrower brings pay stubs and tax returns. A self-employed borrower brings bank statements instead. An investor buying a rental brings the lease and nothing personal at all. Pick the situation below that sounds like you and you get the actual list.

Pick the checklist that matches how you earn your income

It depends on how you earn your income. Pick the one that sounds like you and you get the actual list, plus the part that usually slows people down. Everything here comes off a page on this site, nothing is guessed at. Not sure which program fits you? Find your program in two questions.

What documents do you need for a conventional loan?

If you are on a W-2 and your income documents cleanly, this is the list to have ready before you apply.

  • Last 2 years of W-2 forms
  • Most recent 30 days of pay stubs showing year-to-date earnings
  • Last 2 years of federal tax returns, all pages and schedules
  • Last 2 to 3 months of bank statements for all accounts, every page
  • Retirement and investment account statements, last 2 to 3 months
  • Government-issued photo ID
  • Your Social Security number for the credit authorization
  • If it applies to you, a divorce decree or child support documentation
  • If any of your down payment is a gift, a signed gift letter from the donor stating the amount, their relationship to you, and that the money does not need to be repaid
  • Proof that the gift funds were transferred into your account before closing

What usually slows this down

Three things hold up a W-2 file more than anything else, and they are bank statements with pages missing, a large deposit that does not match your normal payroll and has no paper trail, and a job or industry change in the middle of the process. Send every page of every statement, including the blank ones, and write a short note explaining anything unusual before an underwriter has to ask for it.

Read conventional loans in Houston, or the full conventional document guide. Buying with FHA instead? See FHA loan requirements.

What documents do you need for a bank statement loan?

If your write-offs make your tax return show less than you actually earn, this is the list that replaces it.

  • 12 or 24 months of personal or business bank statements, all pages
  • A business license or other proof of self-employment
  • A CPA or licensed tax preparer letter, on the programs that require one
  • Government-issued ID
  • Homeowners insurance information for the property
  • Written explanations for any large or unusual deposits
  • 24 months of deposits usually earns better terms, and 12 months fits a newer business and closes faster

What usually slows this down

The CPA letter is what delays these closings, because most people wait until underwriting asks for it. Request it before your first call.

Read bank statement loans in Houston, or the full bank statement program checklist.

What documents do you need for a 1099 mortgage?

If you are paid on 1099 forms rather than a W-2, this is what a lender asks you for.

  • Your 1099 forms for the last 2 years
  • Last 2 years of federal tax returns, all pages and schedules
  • A year-to-date profit and loss statement
  • A business license or articles of incorporation
  • Last 2 to 3 months of bank statements for all accounts, every page
  • Government-issued photo ID
  • Your Social Security number for the credit authorization
  • If you have not filed two full years yet, bring what you do have, because some lenders qualify on one year of 1099s

What usually slows this down

The lender totals the gross income on your 1099s and applies a fixed expense ratio to it, so you are not documenting every deduction line by line, which is the part people expect to be hard and is not. What does slow it down is a deposit that does not tie back to a 1099, so have a short explanation ready for anything unusual in your account.

Read 1099 mortgages in Houston or bank statement loans in Houston.

What documents do you need for a DSCR loan?

Your personal income is not part of this file, so most of the list is about the property rather than about you.

  • The current lease if a tenant is already in place, because that is what sets the rental income
  • If there is no lease, nothing from you, since the lender orders a market rent analysis from a licensed appraiser on a Form 1007
  • The property address and purchase price, plus taxes, insurance, and any association dues, because the ratio is measured against the full monthly PITIA
  • Proof of reserves, commonly 3 to 6 months of PITIA held in a verifiable account at closing
  • Your entity documents if you are titling the property in an LLC, a corporation, an S-Corp, or a trust
  • A property insurance declarations page
  • Government-issued photo ID and your Social Security number for the credit authorization
  • No W-2s and no personal tax returns, because personal income documentation is not required on this program

What usually slows this down

Association dues are the quiet one. They sit inside the PITIA that the rent is measured against, so a property that would otherwise clear the ratio can fall under it once high monthly dues are counted, which is worth running before you make an offer rather than after. On a refinance, lenders also want the property seasoned for a minimum number of months before they will place a new loan on it.

Read DSCR loans in Houston.

What documents do you need for a foreign national or ITIN loan?

You do not need a Social Security number or a US credit history, so the file gets built from what you do have.

  • A valid passport
  • Your current visa and I-94
  • Employment authorization document, if you have one
  • Your ITIN or Social Security number, if you have either
  • An employment verification letter
  • Recent pay stubs
  • US bank statements for the last 2 to 3 months
  • International credit reports from your home country, or bank reference letters, when you have no US credit file
  • If you file with an ITIN, 2 years of tax returns filed under that ITIN, original or certified copies
  • Down payment source documentation, meaning bank statements, and a gift letter if any of it is a gift

What usually slows this down

Alternative credit is where these files stall, because a bank reference letter from an overseas bank takes longer to get than anything else on the list, so start that request first. If you have rental history, verification of it helps the file, and a non-resident co-borrower needs their own documentation appropriate to their residency status.

Read foreign national loans in Houston or ITIN loans in Houston.

What documents do you need for a physician loan?

Medical careers start in a way a standard underwrite does not expect, so your contract usually matters more than your pay stub.

  • Your signed employment contract, which is the documentation that lets you close before your first paycheck
  • The start date on that contract, because one starting within 60 days of the note date can carry the file, and an offer letter with a start date further out generally works out to 150 days with stricter documentation
  • If your offer is a 1099 independent contractor agreement, the agreement itself, because whether it guarantees a salary or a set rate and set hours decides which lane you are in
  • Your student loan documentation showing the income-driven payment amount, including a zero payment
  • Your active state medical or dental license
  • Last 2 to 3 months of bank statements for all accounts, every page
  • Government-issued photo ID and your Social Security number for the credit authorization
  • If you own a practice, 12 months of canceled company checks or business bank statements showing the business paid its own debts

What usually slows this down

Practice debt sitting on your personal credit report is the one that surprises people. Fannie Mae guideline B3-6-05 lets us exclude it with 12 months of canceled company checks or business bank statements showing the business made those payments with no delinquencies in that window, and a practice under a year old simply cannot document that yet. It is solvable, but you want to know about it before you write an offer rather than after.

Read doctor mortgages in Houston or physician mortgages across Texas.

Longer guides and checklists

These go deeper than a document list. Each one walks through a full situation from where you are now to the closing table.

Not sure which checklist is right for you?

Call Brandon at 832-997-1527 or book a free 15-minute call.